Parsons, the man in charge of arming the bomb, kept close watch on his Little Boy, making sure nothing happened to his pride and joy. During the course of the flight, Navy Captain William S.
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Only two men on the plane, though, were privy to the knowledge of the cargo they were carrying and the goal of the mission. Tibbets, departed Tinian with the same objective as any other mission: destroy the target. The Enola Gay, piloted by Colonel Paul W. The co-pilot of the Enola Gay, Robert Lewis wrote in his diary shortly after his plane dropped the bomb on Hiroshima: "My God, what have we done?" 2 Yes, what did the United States do, but more importantly, what did it not do? There is, of course, no one answer to the question, and no collective answer can be given, as there are exceptions to be found everywhere, but it is clear that the majority of the citizens of the United States, faced with a moral dilemma larger than they could handle, had little to no visible concern for the Japanese people, but instead concentrated on the future of atomic energy, thereby avoiding the then present situation surrounding the newly released atomic energy and the effects that accompanied it. At the same time, I shall also present the lives of individual Japanese citizens of Hiroshima and Nagasaki following the atomic bombings and juxtapose them against the American responses to atomic energy and bombs, in order to illustrate how litttle the American public knew of the plight of these bomb victims and how little concern they had for the fate their government had handed the Japanese citizens. The question is why did America, the country that dropped the two atomic bombs, say so very little about the results of the atomic bombs in ways other than in terms of physical damage to the cities or in relationship to winning the war? In this document I shall examine editorials, letters to the editor, and articles written from 7 August until 24 December 1945 in order to illustrate what the collective American public was writing and thinking in regards to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, as well as the future with atomic energy. In the remaining months of 1945 much was written and discussed concerning the atomic bombs and the discovery of nuclear energy, yet very little was written about the fate of the two cities destroyed by the atomic bombs or the suffering of the Japanese people as a result of the atomic bombs. The lives destroyed, the torture endured, the repercussions still felt today haunt not only the citizens of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but the American psyche as well. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki will forever live in the pages of history as two of the most significant turning points in modern history, initiating the world into the nuclear age. These two events shattered a nation, claimed the lives of 350,000 human beings, including nine of ten American POWs being held in Hiroshima Castle, and unleashed a new era of horror, fear, and death for the islands of Honshu and Kyushu, Japan and the world. Three days later the Bock's Car would deliver a second atomic bomb, the third ever tested, to destroy Nagasaki. For this plane, the Enola Gay, carried in its belly the first atomic bomb ever to be used on a populated area: Hiroshima. Thus began the course of events, in which this simple plane and its single piece of cargo, would in five hours and thirty minutes change the course of human history forever. On the 6 August 1945, a specially designed B-29 bomber carrying only one bomb departed from Tinian air force base at 2:45 a.m.
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It was our hope in developing the bomb that it would be a great force for world cooperation and peace. Where security permits, my colleagues are eager to help with scientific information. It is the responsibility of the press to stimulate public discussion on this vital matter and to educate the people as rapidly as possible. Unless strong action is taken within the near future toward a positive control, this country will be drawn into an armament race which will inevitably end in catstrophe for all participants.
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This country with its concentrated industrial centers is entirely vulnerable to such weapons nor can we count on, or even expect, effective counter-measures. In my opinion, in two to five years other countries can also manufacture bombs, and bombs tens, hundreds, or even thousands of times more effective than those which produced such devastation at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. As a scientist who worked on the atomic bomb, I am appalled that the public is so apathetic and so uninformed about the dangerous social consequences of our development. America's Reaction to the Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and NagasakiĪ specter is haunting this country-the specter of nuclear energy.